Electric-controller construction



Aug. 28, 1928. I

- J. F. SCHNABEL ELECTRIC CONTROLLER CONSTRUCTION 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet Filed April Aug. 28, 1928.

J. F. SCHNABEL ELECTRIC CONTROLLER CONSTRUCTION Filed April 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENYH'OR. JZmms J. fa/171 aZe/ A TTORN 6 Aug. 28, 1928. 1,682,541

r J. F. SCHNABEL.

ELECTRIC CONTROLLER CONSTRUCTION Filed April 1927 a Sheets-Sheet 3 I N VEN TOR.

A TTORNEYS positive center plate 10, brushes 22 and 20 to group contacts 7 and associated resistors 17 to the motor armature tern'iinal A, the armature 40, series field winding 41, magnetic brake 42- and terminal B resistors 15 and contacts 5 to brush 21 and thus to brush 23 and negative plate 11, and connecting circuit 48 to the negative terminal The other two brushes close a shunt circuit around the motor arn'iature, through the group contacts 4 and 6 and associated resistors 14 and 16, the contacts of these groups being less in number than those of the other groups so as to break the armature shunt circuit before the full on position of the controller is reached as best shown in the wiring diagram Fig. 3. The contacts 24 and 29 at t-he ends of groups 4 and 7 are connected to the armature and the field line so that in the off position of the controller a safety, dynamic braking, circuit is closedincluding the armature. and series field.

It will be noted that as the controller is moved in its hoisting direction, the banks ot-resistors 15 and 17 are gradually cut out of the line circuit while the banks 4 and 6 are gradually added into the armature shunt circuit until this circuit finally broken which takes place before the full on position as shown in Fig.

In the lowering direction the banks 15 and 17 are gradually inserted in the .dynamic braking circuit while the banks 14 and 16 are gradually cut out of the line circuit which of course includes the motor armature and field connected in parallel or as a shunt field. It will thus be seen that each group of contacts and its associated bank of resistors are in use during movement of the controller arm in. both directions from nor mal and that each bank is cut into the circuit by one of the brushes moving over the group contacts in one direction and is cut out of the circuit by a different brush moving in the opposite direction. By making the resistors of the banks of graduated resistance value the resistors may be cut out of the motor circuit in steps of decreasing value for hoisting or accelerating the motor, while in lowering these same resistors may be cut into the'dynamic braking circuit in steps-of increasing value and this is accomplished by having brushes pass over the controlling contacts in opposite directions. This is the desirable practicein. controllers of this type. and the resistors of the other two banksv are likewise preferably of graduated value so that the resistance in hoisting is cut into the armature shunt circuit in steps of increasing value and the same banks cut out of the motor circuit; in lowering, in steps of decreasing value. I In Figs. 5 to 8 inclusive a slightly modified controller arrangement is shown in which use is made as in the other forms of four groups 01 contacts 64 65, 66 and 67 with their associated banks of resistors 74, '75, 76 and 77. In this form certain. contacts at the ends of groups 64 and 66 are removed and replaced. by extra dead plates 72 and 73 respectively. The regular dead plates'68, 69, and 71 are also employed. The center plates consist of an upper segwith its connected blow out coil which is connected to an armature terminal (A side dead plates 60 and 61 and two spaced segments 91 and 92,-tl1e segment 91 being connected to the other armature terminal (A while the segment 92 is connected to one end of an extra bank of resistance 59, t ie other end of whichis connected to the armature terminal (A In addi tion there are two arcuate rings 57 and 58 mounted. between groups .65 and 67, the center plates respectively and two short rings and 56 mounted radially opposite groups 64 and '66. p nected together and then connected by a conductor 54'to a contactor terminal (C). The rings 56 and 58 areconnected together and are then connected by a conductor 53 to a contact 47 atthe end of group 67 which is connected to the negative terminal The bank of resistors 74 has individual resistors connec ed to the contacts 64 and the end 120 of the bankis connected by a wire 121 to the end 122' of bank 76, which bank has its individual resistors connected to the nal F) and between contact 67 and dead plate 69 is the contact 47 not connected to the bank 77 but connecteddirectly by wire 124 to the negative terminal The controller arm in this form has the same four spaced outside brushes 83, 84, and 86 and two of the radial members of the arm carry two brushes each, the members carrying brushes 83 and 84 also having brushes 8'? and 88 respectively. The brushes 83 and 84 are connected to the brushes 87 and 88 respectively and the brushes 85 and. 86 are also connected to the brushes 8'? and 88 respectively by means of connectors 110 and 111. The normal oifposition of the controller as indicated in Fig. 6 is with brushes 88, 84, 85 and 86 resting on dead plates 71, 70, 68 and 69 respectively;

In this form there is also shown a main circuit cont actor 100 with the circuit closing arm 101 connected to the positire line wire 102. There isalso shown the actuating coil 1030f the contact 1' which is connect ed by a Wire 104 to thecontactor terminal of the controller. The posi ive line 102 is connected to the positive terminal by The rings 55 and 57 are con Bank 77 has its a conductor 108. In addition the contactor is provided with a secondary arm 105 adapted to close a circuit through two wires 106 and 107 when the main arm 101 isopen and wire 106 is connected to one armature ter- ,forward direction of the motor and clockwise from the off position to reverse the motor. As thecontroller is moved counterc ockwise the brushes 8 1 and 88 engage with the contacts 67 and the plate 91, the brush 90 with the segment 58, the brushes 83 and 87 with contacts and the plate 80 and brush 89 with the ring 57. The actuating magnet winding 103 of the main contactor is in a closed circuit from the positive line 102, line 104 contactor terminal (C) to rings 55 and 57 through brush 89 jumper connection 125 to ring 58 and brush 90 and I thence to the negative line through ring 58.

connection 53, contact 47, wire 124C and negative terminal and wire 109. This pulls the main contactor, arm 101 in and opens the dynamic braking circuit by movng arm 105 away from contact with lines 106 and 107. a The arm 101 closes the motor circuit through wire 108, the positive terminal connector 123, end contact of group 65, resistors v and brush 83 to plate R0 and connecting wire to armature termi nalA and then through armature to terminal A and plate 91, brushes 88 and 84, contacts 67 and resistors 77 to the field terminal (F) and then by line 115 through the series field to the negative line.

The armature shunt circuitis closedby brushes 85 and 86, the. brush 85 connecting with armature terminal A through jumper 110 and plate and the circuit then passing through the contacts 64-, resistors 74-, connecting line 121 to' end point 122 of resistors 76 from which it passes through this bank and to contact 66, brush 86, jumper 111, brush 88 and plate 91 and then to armature terminal A As'the controller is moved toward its full on position the banks of resistors 75 and 77 are gradually. cut out of the motor armature circuit, .while the banks 7 4 and 76 are gradually inserted into he shunt circuit until this is broken by the brushes and 86 passing onto the extra dead plates 72 and 73 respectively. (See Fig. 6.)

In reversing the motor, the armature c1r- 'cuit is not closed until the brushes 89 and In addi-' 90 contact with the small rings 56 and 55.

at which time the armature shunt circuit is closed, through brushes 84c and 83, contacts 64c and 66 and associated resistors 74 and 76, connector 121, plate 92, extra resistors 59 to A and armature and terminal A and thence back to brush 84 through plate 80 and brush 88. These two banks of re- The motor circuit is closed, the positive wire 108 and positiveterminal being connected to armature terminal A by connector 128, contacts 65,v resistors 75 and brushv 85 to brush87, plate 92, and resistance 59 and then through the armature to A and to the negative line by plate 80, brushes 88 and 86, contacts 67 to the field terminal (F) and then through the field to the negative line wire.

The dynamic braking circuit in the presentiorm is closed by the supplemental arm 105 of the main contactor whenever themain or motor circuit is open and thus always in} cludes the extra resistance-59 in'this circuit as the brake terminal B at the end of line 107 is connected to a point in bank 59 which has one end connected to terminal A while the terminal A is connected to the other side of the brake circuit through wire-106.

I therefore particularly point out and distinctly claim. as my invention:

1. Ina face plate type of controller for.

electric motors the combination not tour groups of contacts on said plate, banks of resistors connected to said groups of con tacts, a controllera-rn'i provided with tour spacedbrushes, said arm in its normal position having all of said brushes tree of said contacts and being adapted to be moved in both directions from normal whereby each bank ofresistors is cut in by one brush and cut-out by a second brush passing in oppo I site directionsover the group of contacts for the bank.

2. In a faceplate type of controller for electric motors, the combination of four I Y groups of contacts on said plate, banks of resistors connected to said groups of contacts, a controller arm. provided with four spaced brushes, said arm in its normal position having all of said brushes free of said contacts and being adapted to be moved in both directions from normal whereby each bank of resistors is cut in by one brush and cut out by a secondbrush passing in opposite directions over the group of contacts for the bank, and an electrical connection be- .yveen two of said brushes 011 said controller arm.

3. In a face plate type of controller for electric motors, the combination of four groups of contacts on said plate, banks of asistors connected to said groups of contacts, a controller arm provided with four spaced brushes,said arm in its normal position having all of said brushes free of said. contacts i and being adapted. to be moved in both diactions from normal whereby each bank of resistors is cut in by one brush-and cut out by a second brush passing in opposite direc-' tions over the group of contacts for the bank, and electrical connections between pairs of rushes.

4. In a face plate type of controller, the combination of a face plate having contact plates and four groupsof contacts, banks of resistors connected to said groups of conacts, and a crossed controller arm having I contact brushes adapted to engage With said resistors connected to said groups of. con

acts, and a crossed controller arm having contact brushes adapted to engage with said four groups of contacts and plates to simultaneously control all of said banks-of resistors from said contact groups and plates dur- Tag movement of said controller arm in both directions from the normal off position,two of said brushes being connected to line terminals to place two of said banks of resistors in the line circuit, and two of said brushes being electrically connected to each other to place the other two resistance banks in a closed circuit for control purposes.

6. In a face plate type of controller, the

combination of a face plate havingcontact 7. In a face plate type of controller for hoisting motors, the combination of four groups of contacts, four banks of resistors connected to sa d groups of contacts, a

crossed cont-roller arm having four brushes for operating over all of such groups of con tacts to simultaneously control all of said banks of resistors during movement of said controller arm in both directions from its normal. off position, and an adjustable tap connection from the end resistor of one bank to a point on a second bank.

8. In a face plate type of controller for hoisting motors, the combination of four groups of contacts, four banks of resistors connected to said groups of contacts, a crossed'controller arm having four brushes for operating over all of such groups of con tacts to simultaneously control all of said banks of resistors during movement of said controller arm in both directions from its normal off position, and an adjustable tap connection from the end resistor of one bank of resistance connected to the line in one direction of arm movement to a point in a second bank of resistors to obtain a predetermined adjustable circuitrstrength on the last point'of such group of contacts to suit varying operating conditions. 7

Signed by me this 8th day of February,

JAMES F. SCHNABEL; 

